Now showing items 1207-1226 of 1913

    • Peacemaking, Customary Laws and Institutions in Dārfūr 

      Ali, Osman Mohamed Osman; Takana, Yousif Suliman Saeed (Sudan Working Paper SWP 2016:6, Working paper, 2016-10-01)
      The traditional native justice system in Darfur has an advantage over the modern state judicial one; it has proved its relevance for effectively managing and resolving conflicts, particularly in the rural communities, ...
    • Peoples' views of taxation in Africa: A review of research on determinants of tax compliance 

      Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge; Schulz-Herzenberg, Collette; Sjursen, Ingrid Hoem (CMI Working Paper WP 2012:7, Working paper, 2012-10-10)
      What are the key determinants of taxpayer compliance? And which features of citizen-state relations govern attitudes and behaviour regarding taxation? This paper examines the analytical foundation, methodological approaches ...
    • Per diem policy analysis toolkit 

      Vian, Taryn; Sabin, Laura (U4 Issue 2012:8, Research report, 2012-12-18)
      Most organizations use per diems as a way to reimburse out-of-pocket expenses for travel and to encourage staff to attend professional development activities. However, weaknesses in policy design and control of spending ...
    • Perceptions of per diems in the health sector: Evidence and implications 

      Vian, Taryn; Miller, Candace; Themba, Zione; Bukuluki, Paul (U4 Issue 2011:6, Research report, 2011-07-01)
      This study details the perceived benefits, problems, and risks of abuse of per diems and allowances in developing countries. Drawing on 41 interviews with government and nongovernmental officials in Malawi and Uganda the ...
    • Perpetual Hardships: Female Poverty in Rural Malanje, Angola 

      Strønen, Iselin Åsedotter; Silva, Osvaldo; Nangacovie, Margaret; Fortuna, Cláudio (CMI Brief vol. 16 no. 4, Report, 2017-04-01)
      Rural poverty in Angola is severe and gendered. This brief draws on qualitative field research in ten rural communities in the municipality of Kalandula, Malanje province. It shows that female poverty is characterized by ...
    • Petite corruption et situations de pluralisme normatif au Burundi 

      Nicaise, Guillaume (Afrique Contemporaine vol. 2018/02 no. 266, Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-01)
      Cet article restitue et analyse les pratiques des percepteurs d’impôt et des élus locaux au Burundi. Pour mieux comprendre le fonctionnement de l’État au niveau local, les observations ...
    • Petite mais néfaste : La corruption dans le financement et les droits d'exploitation des systèmes d'approvisionnement en eau 

      Butterworth, John; de la Harpe, Jean (U4 Brief 2011:3, Report, 2011-04-15)
      Le « commerce » de l’eau réunit un grand nombre de consommateurs, qui utilisent cette denrée à différentes fins, notamment domestiques, industrielles et agricoles. La gestion de l’eau à l’échelle des usagers, et la collecte ...
    • Petro-Governance in Tanzania: Opportunities and Challenges 

      Lee, Bryan; Dupuy, Kendra (CMI Brief vol. 15 no. 14, Report, 2016-10-01)
      Recent significant natural gas discoveries have pushed Tanzania into the international spotlight as a new petroleum producer. How can the country ensure that its newfound wealth is translated into economic development? ...
    • Petroleum fund in Tanzania? Other alternatives may be better 

      Torvik, Ragnar (CMI Brief vol. 15 no. 10, Report, 2016-07-01)
      The Government of Tanzania is looking for the best policies and institutional designs to turn future petroleum revenues into welfare, development and jobs. This Brief argues that the Tanzanian society will benefit more by ...
    • Petroleum populism: How new resource endowments shape voter choices 

      Stølan, Andreas; Engebretsen, Benjamin; Berge, Lars Ivar Oppedal; Somville, Vincent; Jahari, Cornel; Dupuy, Kendra (CMI Brief vol. 16 no. 11, Report, 2017-12-01)
      High-value natural resources can be a political “curse” when political elites use resource revenues to maintain power, subvert democratic rule, and distribute public goods to their supporters. New resource discoveries can ...
    • Petroleum’s potential impact on future state-society relations in Tanzania 

      Dupuy, Kendra; Katera, Lucas (CMI Brief no. 2019:03, Report, 2019-05-01)
      Tanzanian citizens continue to have high expectations about the benefits that the country’s emerging petroleum sector will provide them with, yet they possess low knowledge about the sector. Policy makers should take ...
    • Pobreza Rural em Malanje, Angola 

      Tvedten, Inge; Lázaro, Gilson; Jul-Larsen, Eyolf; Agostinho, Mateus (CMI Report R 2017:4, Research report, 2017-12-01)
      Este relatório é parte do programa de pesquisa “Cooperação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento em Angola” entre o Centro de Estudos e Investigação Científica (CEIC) da Universidade Católica em Luanda, Angola e o Chr. Michelsen ...
    • Pobreza urbana e desigualdade em Luanda, Angola 

      Tvedten, Inge; Lázaro, Gilson (CMI Brief vol. 15 no. 17, Report, 2016-11-01)
      Este resumo mostra que os pobres da capital angolana Luanda estão, efetivamente, presos numa armadilha da pobreza devido a deficiências materiais e oportunidades limitadas de rendimento. Ao mesmo tempo, os mecanismos ...
    • Police reform in Georgia. Cracks in an anti-corruption success story 

      Puppo, Lilli di (U4 Practice Insight 2010:2, Report, 2010-07-15)
      The significant reduction of street-level police corruption has been hailed as one of the success stories of post-revolutionary Georgia. However, a closer look reveals that the broader reform of Georgia’s Ministry of ...
    • Policy Brief III – Crime and Security in Maputo, Mozambique 

      Bertelsen, Bjørn Enge; Chauque, Abel (CMI Brief vol. 14 no. 3, Report, 2015-06-01)
      This is the third in a series of policy briefs relating to the research project, “The Ethnography of a Divided City: Socio-politics, Poverty and Gender in Maputo, Mozambique” (2012–2015), funded by the Norwegian Research ...
    • Policy Brief IV – Solid Waste Management in Maputo, Mozambique 

      Tvedten, Inge; Mangueleze, Lizete; Uate, Arlindo (CMI Brief vol. 14 no. 4, Report, 2015-06-01)
      This is the fourth in a series of policy briefs relating to the research project, “The Ethnography of a Divided City: Socio-politics, Poverty and Gender in Maputo, Mozambique” (2012–2015), funded by the Norwegian Research ...
    • Policy implementation under stress: Central-local government relations in property tax administration in Tanzania 

      Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge; Ali, Merima; Katera, Lucas (Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction vol. 26 no. 2, Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-01)
      Inter-organisational cooperation in revenue collection has received limited attention in the tax administration literature. Recent experiences from Tanzania offer a unique opportunity to examine opportunities and challenges ...
    • Policy implementation under stress: Central-local government relations in property tax collection in Tanzania 

      Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge; Ali, Merima; Katera, Lucas (CMI Working Paper WP 2018:1, Working paper, 2018-01-01)
      Inter-organisational cooperation in revenue collection has received limited attention in the tax administration literature. Recent experiences from Tanzania offer a unique opportunity to examine opportunities and challenges ...
    • Policy Making in the Tanzanian Petro State: Building a Statistical Basis 

      Isaksen, Jan; Kilama, Blandina; Matola, Fred (CMI Working Paper WP 2017:5, Working paper, 2017-03-01)
      This paper deals with needs and availability of data, statistics and information in Tanzania. It relates to a five-year (2014–19) research programme on prospects and challenges for the petroleum sector. The main objectives ...
    • Political Corruption 

      Amundsen, Inge (U4 Issue 2006:6, Research report, 2006-01-01)
      Political corruption undermines political and economic development in many countries, and raises difficult chal­lenges for foreign aid. What is political corruption? What are the main mecha­nisms? What can donors do when ...