• A Hobbled Democracy. The Kenya General Elections 1992 

      Andreassen, Bård-Anders; Geisler, Gisela; Tostensen, Arne (Research report, Research report, 1993)
      On 29 December 1992 the first multi-party elections since 1966 were held in Kenya. This report provides a critical assessment of the circumstances surrounding that event. The irregularities and problems encountered in the ...
    • Administering Uganda's 2006 Multiparty Elections: The Role of the Electoral Commission 

      Makara, Sabiti; Rakner, Lise; Sabastiano, Rwengabo (CMI Working Paper, Working paper, 2008)
      On 23 February, 2006, Ugandan voters could for the first time since 1980 choose a party of their choice rather than select individual candidates within the Nation Resistance Movement (NRM) system. This paper focuses on the ...
    • Angola 2003/2004. Waiting for elections 

      Miranda, Armindo (CMI Reports, Research report, 2004)
      The present report is the fifth in a series of annual studies carried out by the Chr. Michelsen Institute on socio-economic and political trends in Angola, at the request of the Norwegian development cooperation authorities. ...
    • Candidates’ experience of violence in the Norwegian parliamentary election of 2021 

      Belschner, Jana; Muriaas, Ragnhild; Wang, Vibeke (CMI Brief no. 2023:7, Report, 2023-12-01)
      Compared to fellow politicians in other countries, women and men who contest elections in Norway do not encounter much political violence. The low occurrence of political violence is reflected in politician’s ...
    • Controlling elections: The Angolan Election Commission 

      Amundsen, Inge (Angola Brief vol. 3 no. 1, Report, 2013-04-12)
      Over the last few years, Angolan legislation on elections and the Angolan national election commission has been strengthened considerably. In legal terms the Comissão Nacional Eleitoral (CNE) is now an independent commission ...
    • Do elections imply democracy or autocracy? 

      Rakner, Lise; Rønning, Helge (CMI Brief vol. 9 no. 2, Report, 2010-03-25)
      Since the early 1990s, legislative and presidential multiparty elections have taken place in 42 out of Sub Saharan Africa’s 48 states. For a majority, fourth and fifth elections have now been convened, suggesting that ...
    • Education and electoral participation: Reported versus actual voting behaviour 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne (CMI Working Paper WP 2015:9, Working paper, 2015-08-01)
      Using survey data of voters in Tanzania, this paper shows that while education does not affect self-reported voting in general elections, it increases actual voting. The less educated are more likely to claim to have voted ...
    • Expectations and Fears. The impact of the 1992 Elections 

      Amundsen, Inge (Others, 2008-01-01)
      Conferência sobre as Eleições em Angola. Centro de Estudos e Investigação Científica (CEIC), Universidade Católica de Angola. Terça-Feira, 4 de Novembro de 2008
    • Fissions and fusions, foes and friends: Party system re-structuring in Malawi in the 2004 general elections 

      Rakner, Lise; Svåsand, Lars (CMI Working paper, Working paper, 2005)
      The issue of presidential term limits is emerging as an important political norm on the African continent, but the effects of the third term debates on the institutionalization of the party systems have so far not been ...
    • Grabbing an Election: Abuse of State Resources in the 2011 Elections in Uganda 

      Helle, Svein-Erik; Rakner, Lise (Corruption, Grabbing and Development: Real World Challenges, Chapter, 2014-03-01)
      Elections are an integral part of representative democracies. Well functioning elections contribute to democratic accountability and democratic institutions, which in turn contributes to economic and human development too ...
    • Hamas and the Quest for Palestinian Statehood 

      Knudsen, Are; Ezbidi, Basem (CMI Working paper, Working paper, 2006)
      The Islamic Resistance Movement’s (Hamas) big win in the elections to the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) marks the end of Fatah’s political hegemony. Having trumped Fatah in the elections, Hamas faces several domestic ...
    • "How can the Elections Help us Quell Hunger?" Mid-Term Review of Norwegian Support to UNDP's Trust Fund for Civic Education 

      Orre, Aslak; Larssen, Christian; Sánchez, Manolo (Research report, Research report, 2008)
      This report is the mid-term review of UNDPs trust fund for civic education in Angola. The trust fund was set up in late 2006, with support from the embassies of Norway, Sweden and USAid, topped up with UNDP’s own funds. ...
    • “Making Elections is like Preparing Funge:If you don’t do it Right it goes Puiti-Puiti!” Review of Norwegian Support to Development Workshop’s Programme for Civic and Electoral Education among State and Civil Society Actors 

      Orre, Aslak; Larssen, Christian; Sánchez, Manolo (Research report, Research report, 2008)
      This report is the end review of Development Workshop’s Programme for Civic and Electoral Education in Angola, 2005-8 (PECE 1, Programa de Educação Cívica e Eleitoral). Its precursor, the “peace building programme”, has ...
    • Maybe free but not fair: Electoral administration in Malawi 1994-2004 

      Rakner, Lise; Svåsand, Lars (CMI Working paper, Working paper, 2005)
      Entering the third decade of multiparty democracy on the African continent, incumbents appear able to secure electoral mandates without opening for extensive political liberties. The paper argues that the administration ...
    • Media constraints in sub-Saharan Africa 

      Frère, Marie-Soleil (CMI Brief vol. 9 no. 4, Report, 2010-08-01)
      ”Free and fair” elections depend not only on factors like adequate election management bodies, election transparency and the absence of coercion. For election to be truly free and fair citizens must also have access to ...
    • "Milking the system": Fighting the abuse of public resources for re-election 

      Speck, Bruno; Fontana, Alessandra (U4 Issue 2011:7, Research report, 2011-08-01)
      Abuse of state resources for re-election damages democracy creating an unlevel playing field that improves re-election chances of incumbents and negatively influencing the quality of government, since diversion of resources ...
    • Multiparty elections in Africa's new democracies 

      Rakner, Lise; Svåsand, Lars (Research report, Research report, 2002)
      Why has the electoral process in the newly democratised African states had such limited impacts? How can the continued one-party dominance on the continent be explained despite the reintroduction of political freedoms, substantial ...
    • Opposition Parties and the Upcoming 2008 Parliamentary Elections in Angola 

      Amundsen, Inge; Weimer, Markus (CMI Working Paper, Working paper, 2008)
      Parliamentary elections will be held in Angola on 5th September 2008, as the first elections in the country since 1992. There are now 138 political parties registered in Angola, and fourteen parties (including four party ...
    • Political Finance: State Control and Civil Society Monitoring 

      Speck, Bruno Wilhelm (U4 Brief 2008:12, Report, 2008-04-23)
      Modern politics face the challenge of reconciling the presence of money in politics with the risks it poses to democratic values and good governance. This U4 Brief describes the nature of common risks and challenges, and ...
    • Political Parties and the Upcoming 2008 Parliamentary Elections in Angola 

      Amundsen, Inge; Weimer, Markus (CMI Brief vol. 7 no. 4, Report, 2008-09-03)
      After the civil war ended 6 years ago, and for the first time since 1992, Angola will go to the polls. On 5th September 2008, there will be parliamentary elections, contested by 14 parties and party coalitions. The ...