• A cost-benefit framework for allocating SPS-related technical assistance 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne (Research report, Research report, 2002)
      Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures designed to protect human, animal and plant health, constitute a significant barrier to exports of agricultural products from developing countries. Though the WTO Agreement on the ...
    • Autonomy, Incentives and Patronage. A Study of Corruption in the Tanzania and Uganda Revenue Authorities 

      Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge; Kolstad, Ivar; Lange, Siri (Research report, Research report, 2003)
      The report explores factors that explain the observed patterns of corruption within the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) and the Uganda Revenue Authority (URA). In particular, the study discusses the key assumptions behind ...
    • Bribes, taxes and regulations: Business constraints for micro enterprises in Tanzania 

      Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge; Kolstad, Ivar; Nygaard, Knut (CMI Working paper, Working paper, 2006)
      This paper analyses the business environment for micro enterprises in Tanzania based on survey data. The primary objective of the study is to identify major constraints facing the firms’ business operations. Taxation, ...
    • Combattre la corruption dans les pays riches en pétrole: Le rôle de la transparence 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne; Williams, Aled (U4 Brief 2009:21, Report, 2009-10-14)
      La corruption constitue un véritable fléau dans de nombreux pays riches en pétrole et autres ressources naturelles. Elle est en grande partie responsable du faible développement socio‑économique de ces pays. Depuis peu, ...
    • Corporate Community Involvement and Local Institutions: Two Case Studies From the Mining Industry in Tanzania 

      Lange, Siri; Kolstad, Ivar (Journal of African Business vol. 13 no. 2, Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2012-01-01)
      Corporate community involvement contributes capital or resources in various forms to a community. However, such involvement may also influence local institutions that determine how well these resources are used, i.e. the ...
    • Corporate Social Responsibility of Multinational Corporations 

      Kolstad, Ivar (CMI Brief, Report, 2007-01-01)
      The question of corporate responsibility in poor and undemocratic countries, has been addressed by a CMI strategic institute programme (SIP) entitled "Business ethics for multinational corporations in developing countries". ...
    • Corruption and Aid Modalities 

      Fritz, Verena; Kolstad, Ivar (U4 Issue 2008:4, Research report, 2008-08-01)
      The introduction of ‘new' aid modalities - and in particular general budget support - has increased the interest in the relationship between corruption and aid modalities. This U4 Issue reviews the information that theory ...
    • Corruption in Natural Resource Management - An Introduction 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Søreide, Tina; Williams, Aled (U4 Brief 2008:2, Report, 2008-02-01)
      Natural resources often provide fertile ground for corruption. Since a substantial number of partner countries in development cooperation are richly endowed with natural resources, these contexts pose a particular challenge ...
    • Determinants of foreign direct investment in services 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Villanger, Espen (CMI Working paper, Working paper, 2004)
      This study uses industry level foreign direct investment (FDI) data from 57 countries 1989-2000, to examine the host country determinants of FDI flows in services as a whole, and in the major service industries. Consistent ...
    • Devolutionary delusions? The effect of decentralization on corruption 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne; Somville, Vincent (CMI Working Paper WP 2014:10, Working paper, 2014-09-01)
      The effect of government decentralization on corruption is theoretically ambiguous. On the one hand, bringing government closer to the people could increase accountability and reduce corruption. On the other hand, ...
    • Direct budget support and corruption 

      Kolstad, Ivar (U4 Issue 2005:1, Research report, 2005-01-01)
      How does corruption affect the appropriateness and design of budget support? The aim of this issue paper is to compare the effectiveness of budget support versus that of other aid modalities - in particular project support ...
    • Diversification and democracy 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne (CMI Working Paper WP 2014:9, Working paper, 2014-08-01)
      Does diversification of an economy improve the chances of democracy? This paper estimates the effect of export diversification on democracy levels, using data from 143 countries. The endogeneity of diversification is ...
    • Diversification of the Angolan economy 

      da Rocha, Alves; Santos, Regina; Bonfim, Luís; Paulo, Francisco Miguel; Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne (CMI Insight 2014:5, Report, 2014-09-01)
      Angola has the second most concentrated economy in the world, oil representing more than 97 per cent of its exports in 2011. Concentration has increased since independence in 1975, and since the end of the civil war in ...
    • Does changing the narrative improve host community attitudes to climate migrants? Experimental evidence from Bangladesh 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Bezu, Sosina; Lujala, Päivi; Mahmud, Minhaj; Wiig, Arne (CMI Working Paper WP 2019:3, Working paper, 2019-01-01)
      A number of studies suggest that our narratives about the situation of the poor and vulnerable affect how we view them and treat them. Theoretically, a potentially powerful way to make host communities more welcoming of ...
    • Does democracy reduce corruption? 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne (CMI Working Paper WP 2011:4, Working paper, 2011-12-12)
      While democracy is commonly believed to reduce corruption, there are obvious endogeneity problems in measuring the impact of democracy on corruption. This paper addresses the endogeneity of democracy by exploiting the ...
    • Does diversification improve institutions in resource rich countries? 

      Wiig, Arne; Kolstad, Ivar (Angola Brief vol. 2 no. 5, Report, 2012-12-11)
      Angola is the world’s second most concentrated country in terms of exports. Furthermore, concentration has increased during recent years. Angola also faces the challenge of a resource curse prevalent in resource rich ...
    • Education and electoral participation: Reported versus actual voting behaviour 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne (CMI Working Paper WP 2015:9, Working paper, 2015-08-01)
      Using survey data of voters in Tanzania, this paper shows that while education does not affect self-reported voting in general elections, it increases actual voting. The less educated are more likely to claim to have voted ...
    • Elite behaviour and citizen mobilization 

      Kolstad, Ivar; Wiig, Arne (CMI Working Paper WP 2015:8, Working paper, 2015-08-01)
      This paper studies the relation between self-serving elite behaviour and citizen political participation. We use a fixed effects approach to analyze the association between portfolio investment in tax havens and voter ...
    • Empresas multinacionais e instituições do país anfitrião: Um estudo de caso das actividades de RSE em Angola 

      Wiig, Arne; Kolstad, Ivar (International Business Review vol. 19 no. 2, Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2010-01-01)
      Embora as instituições sejam importantes para o desenvolvimento económico, particularmente em países ricos em recursos, a interacção entre empresas multinacionais e as instituições do país anfitrião não é inteiramente ...
    • Expanding foreign investment in the energy sector: Challenges and risks for Bangladesh? 

      Wiig, Arne; Kolstad, Ivar (CMI Brief vol. 13 no. 4, Report, 2014-04-22)
      Our recent research indicates that increased corruption brings increased foreign direct investment (FDI) in the extractive industries. Moreover, corruption has no effect on FDI in the energy provision industries. This brief ...