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Threats to conservation from national security interests
(Conservation Biology, Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2024-01-01)There is a growing trend of nation states invoking national security and emergency declarations to build state-sponsored infrastructure projects, most commonly for border defense, energy production and transportation. ... -
Three myths about engagement and exclusion in responsible investment
(CMI Working Paper WP 2014:3, Working paper, 2014-05-01)There is a move towards more use of engagement strategies in responsible investment. This change in strategies is motivated by a number of claims about the effectiveness of engagement versus exclusion of companies from the ... -
Times of walls: The politics of fencing in the contemporary world
(Others, 2017-01-01) -
To pay or not to pay? Citizens' attitudes towards taxation in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and South Africa
(Afrobarometer Working Paper 143, Research report, 2013-01-01)This paper examines factors that determine citizens’ tax-compliance attitude in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and South Africa. Using the 2011/12 Afrobarometer survey data, we find that tax-compliance attitude is positively ... -
To Pay or not to Pay? Citizens' Views on Taxation by Local Authorities in Tanzania
(REPOA Special Paper 18, Research report, 2006-01-01)Widespread tax evasion reflected in persistent public resistance to pay is seen as part of the problem of raising local government revenues in Tanzania. Dealing with the policy problem of revenue enhancement and tax evasion ... -
To pay or not to pay? Citizens' views on taxation in local authorities in Tanzania
(CMI Working paper, Working paper, 2004)Widespread tax evasion reflected in persistent public resistance to pay is seen as part of the problem of raising local government revenues in Tanzania. Dealing with the policy problem of revenue enhancement and tax evasion ... -
Tokens of Peace? Women's Representation in the Juba Peace Process
(African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review vol. 12 no. 2, Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-01)This article evaluates women’s representation in the 2019–20 peace negotiations and the extent to which their interests are reflected in the Juba Peace Agreement. With East Sudan as a case study, this article ... -
Too big to fault? Effects of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize on Norwegian exports to China and foreign policy
(CMI Working Paper WP 2016:03, Working paper, 2016-05-01)Abstract In October 2010, the Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded the Nobel peace prize to Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo. The Chinese government responded by freezing political and economic relations with Norway, introducing ... -
Tools and strategies for corruption prevention
(Others, 2011-11-16)Presentation at a Workshop for Journalists (from Iraq), hosted by the Iraq Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (IEITI), at hotel Holiday Inn Sharjah, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. -
Towards 2014 and beyond: NATO, Afghanistan and the "Heart of Asia"
(Noref Policy Brief August 2012, Research report, 2012-09-14)Two different and basically conflicting visions of Afghanistan’s post-transition future were discernible by mid-2012. In one, Afghanistan’s security is anchored in an “enduring partnership” with NATO. The U.S. and its ... -
Towards feasible social security systems in sub-Saharan Africa
(CMI Working paper, Working paper, 2004)The international community is devoting increasing attention to social security issues in developing countries as part of its preoccupation with poverty reduction. This paper discusses social security arrangements in place ... -
Towards fiscal self-reliance: Capacity building for domestic revenue enhancement in Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia (workshop report)
(Research report, 2011-05-15)The workshop Toward fiscal self-reliance: Capacity building for domestic revenue enhancement in Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia took place in Maputo, Mozambique 30-31 March 2011. The purpose of the workshop was to ... -
Towards harmonised financing of frontline health service providers in Tanzania
(CMI Brief no. 2021:5, Report, 2021-12-01)This brief discusses what we can learn from recent experiences with direct health facility financing in Tanzania for the future design of a more harmonised system for financing of frontline service providers. -
Towards Multiparty System in Uganda: The Effect on Female Representation in Politics
(CMI Working paper, Working paper, 2006)Scholars, politicians and women activists today share a concern for the limited representation of women in different political bodies. Statistics comparing female representation in sub-Saharan African legislatures suggest ... -
Towards REDD+ Integrity: Opportunities and Challenges for Indonesia
(U4 Issue 2015:5, Research report, 2015-02-01)Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) has become a cornerstone of Indonesia’s forest sector policies. Given corruption risks in the sector, a number of policies and initiatives – both ... -
Tracing Gender Differences in Parliamentary Debates: A Growth Curve Analysis of Ugandan MPs' Activity Levels in Plenary Sessions, 1998-2008.
(Representation vol. 50 no. 3, Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-09-01)Participation in legislative debates is potentially an important tool for Members of Parliament (MPs) to communicate policy positions and exert influence on the policy process. Yet there are few studies of legislative ... -
Trade and Growth with Static and Dynamic Economies of Scale
(CMI Working paper, Working paper, 1996)This paper develops a dynamic two-country, two-sector model of international trade with asymmetric technological spillovers, static increasing returns to scale in one sector and dynamic increasing returns to scale in the ... -
Trade Unions in Processes of Democratisation. A Study of Party Labour Relations in Zambia
(Research report, Research report, 1992)This report assesses the role of labour in the recent transition to multi-party rule in Zambia. The main question considered is to what extent labour, through its policy-making organ the Zambia Congress of Trade Unions ... -
Trading in corruption: Evidence and mitigation measures for corruption in the trading of oil and minerals
(U4 Issue 2017:6, Research report, 2017-06-01)Between 2011 and 2013, sales of government oil from the ten biggest producers in sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 56% of these countries’ total public revenues. Despite their importance, however, such sales have received ...